PJB-2022-427
Study of natural regeneration of Sogdian ash (Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge) and silvicultural measures to promote it in the Sharyn river floodplain of Almaty region
Murat K. Shynybekov
Abstract
The forests of Kazakhstan, and in particular the ash riparian forests of the Charyn National Nature Park, as part of the unique natural complexes of Almaty region, have special ecological, historical, scientific, aesthetic and recreational value. Moreover, the fraxinus sogdiana trees in the Charyn Ash Dacha are relict and specially protected. Against the background of increasing anthropogenic impact, general aridisation of ecosystems and xerophytisation of vegetation cover, preservation and restoration of these stands of trees is becoming a problem not only for the region, but also for the whole country. All this forms the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study was to investigate the regularities and characteristics of natural regeneration of fraxinus sogdiana on the banks of the Charyn River in the territory of the Charyn National Nature Park, to identify and analyse the main factors that can improve the rates of natural regeneration of riparian forest in Kazakhstan in the future. The theoretical basis of the study lies in the analysis of scientific works and highly specialised materials by domestic and foreign authors in the field of forestry, ecology and nature conservation on the subject of this study. The methodological approach to fulfilling the tasks set was based on general scientific Methods, in particular observation, measurement, evaluation, a systematic comparative analysis of the material obtained, as well as computational mathematical methods. Qualitative representative material of the expanded field experiment enabled to calculate the level of natural regeneration of fraxinus sogdiana on the control plots of the study area. The control of seed yield by sight method, as well as by using O.G. Kapper's scale allowed to estimate the volume and quality of seed material in 2019-2020, as well as to make a hypothesis on the expected yield for the year 2021. In the course of the work an assessment of natural regeneration of fraxinus sogdiana on the bank of the Charyn River (the number of germinating seedlings) at the rate of 1 thousand pieces per 1 ha with division of the territory into zones (No. 1 - No. 6) depending on forest level was carried out. The comparative analysis revealed that the natural regeneration of monitoring sites No. 1 and No. 4 can be assessed as "good", while the natural regeneration of monitoring sites No. 2 and No. 5 can be assessed as "satisfactory" and the natural regeneration of monitoring sites No. 3 and No. 6 - as "poor". In addition to the practical field work, an in-depth analysis of worldwide scientific publications on the topic under study was conducted to formulate possible solutions to the problem.
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