PJB-2022-398
EFFECT OF HIGH- TEMPERATURE STRESS ON YIELD OF VARIOUS WHEAT VARITIES AT DIFFERENT GROTH STAGES
Jitendra Rajput
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is regarded as an important staple food crop globally and is sensitive to high temperature (HT) during reproductive stages in comparison to vegetative stages.High-temperature stress is a major abiotic constraint and is projected to reduce crop yield therebythreatening food security. A field investigation entitled “Effect of high-temperature stress on yield of various wheat varieties at different growth stages” was conducted at the Students Instructional Farm of the Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj, Ayodhya (UP) during Rabi season of 2021-22. The experiment was planned under SPD (Split plot Design) with three replications V1 (PBW-343), V2 (HD-2967) and V3 (Kundan) and treatment consisting of three dates of sowing viz; D1 (15th November), D2 (30th November), and D3 (15th December). Results indicated that growth attributes such as plant height, number of tillers plant-1, dry matter plant-1, and membrane stability index were significantly affectedby the date of sowing. When late sown variety was planted timely all the growth attributes showed a drastic reduction with respect to late sowing (15th December) However, V1 and V2 showed comparatively good performance in terms of growth attributes when sown early D1 and D2. Performance of V3 was very good as compared to V1 and V2 when sown delayed D3 i.e. facing high temperature stress. Time of sowing decreased substantially almost in all the yield components measured viz; the number of ear bearing tillers-1, number of grains ear-1, ear length (cm), grain yield plant-1 (gm), biological yield plant-1 (g), and test weight (g) and harvest index which caused severe reduction of yield in V1 and V2. Overall growth attributes physiological traits and yield, as well as yield components of the wheat crop, were adversely affected by the time of sowing due to the onset of high temperature during crop growth and particularly grain filling. Variety i.e., V3 (Kundan) reduced the detrimental effect of heat stress by improving physiological traits which ultimately helped in obtaining higher yield.
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