PJB-2022-319
Prevalence And In Vivo Chemical Control Of Corm Rot Of Gladiolus
Muaaz Ghanghro
Abstract
Gladiolus is Iridaceae family plant which has 255 species and is a very popular bulbous commercial flower. It is known for its beautiful spikes as well as long vase life. It is native to South Africa and has been cultivated globally. The major gladiolus producing countries are the United States, Holland, France, Poland, Italy, Bulgaria, Brazil, Australia. Cultivation of Gladiolus has recently become a lucrative enterprise in Pakistan. Gladiolus is susceptible to a number of diseases caused by fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens. Pathological problems, particularly diseases caused by fungal pathogens, take a heavy toll in terms of plant stand, quality and yield. Fusarium spp. causes yellowing, corm rot, browning of foliage and wilting in gladiolus. It reduces the quality, yield and market value of gladiolus. This disease is caused by the Fusarium species; namely Fusarium oxysporum gladioli, F. solani, F. oxysporum and F. roseum in gladiolus. F. oxysporum gladioli (Massay). The fungus can survive in soil indefinitely as mycelium, clamydospores, microconidia and macroconidia. The corms become softened, wrinkled and mummified in storage. Despite many attempts to control this disease, the problem is still important worldwide. The management practices generally employed for its control include resistant cultivars, chemical applications, cultural practices and biotechnological approaches. Attempts have been made to control the disease by steeping corms or cormels and drenching the soil with fungicide. Therefore, the present work is planned to set some an alternative method to chemical application and integration of different methods together with chemical to manage the disease problem.
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