PJB-2022-300
Extraction strategies, biochemical analysis and therapeutic applications of turmeric (curcuma longa): A medicinal plant review
Sidrah Nazir
Abstract
Curcuma longa is commonly named as turmeric, used as nutraceuticals and in pharmaceutical formulations. It is widely grown in India, Peru, Nepal, Cambodia, Madagascar, Thailand, China and Pakistan. The major components present in the rhizome are curcuminoids followed by volatile oils that contain turmerone. Curcuminoids have functional and pharmacological properties. Therefore screening, investigation and characterization is important parameters in relation to its extraction. The traditional ways used for the extraction of Curcumin are through soxhlet and maceration methods along with hydrodistillation as they are effective with respect to cost and time. Additionally, different analytical techniques (chromatographic methods, biosensors and capillary electrophoresis) have been employed for quantification of vital compounds in turmeric. Most importantly, chromatography is found to be most efficient method for the successful testing of curcuminoids. Few advance and highly sensitive methods, such as spectroflourimetric and electrochemical technique, are also being utilized for the rapid analysis of curcuminoids. The bioactive compounds from Curcuma longa have been found to possess high antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti HIV, lipid lowering and wound healing activities.
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