PJB-2022-286
HETEROTIC RESPONSES OF SINGLE CROSS HYBRIDS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT TRAITS OVER THE ENVIRONMENTS
Niranjan Kumar Chaurasia
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Heterotic Responses of Single Cross Hybrids of Maize (Zea mays L.) for Grain Yield and Its Components Traits Over the Environments†was carried out with twenty-one single cross hybrids developed through diallel mating scheme along with their seven parental inbreds and three commercial varieties at six environments comprises three locations and two crop growing seasons i.e., Kharif 2019 and Rabi 2019-20. The results of pooled analysis of variance for design of experiment over six environments for fourteen quantitative traits in maize, namely, days to 50 per cent anthesis, days to 50 per cent silk, anthesis-silking interval, days to 50 per cent physiological maturity, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, kernel rows per ear, kernels per row, grains per plant, 1000-kernels weight, shelling per cent and grain yield per plant presented in table 4. The mean squares due to environments, genotypes and genotype x environments interactions were highly significant for all the traits studied. The hybrids, P1 x P4, P2 x P5, P3 x P6, P4 x P5 and P6 x P7 were found to be good specific combinations for early days to 50 per cent anthesis, early days to 50 per cent silk, shorter anthesis-silking interval and early days to 50 per cent physiological maturity. The pooled estimates of mid parent, better parent and standard heterosis over the best check, DMRH-1308 (C1) for grain yield per plant revealed the hybrids, namely, P1 x P7, P2 x P5 and P3 x P6 exhibited significant to highly significant positive heterotic responses for this trait. Hence these hybrids can be exploited commercially after critical testing for their superiority and stability across environments.
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