PJB-2022-240
INTERACTION EFFECT OF SOWING DATES AND GENOTYPES ON YIELD OF CHICKPE
Rooh Ullah
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a highly valued legume crop in Pakistan that provides nutritious food in the daily diet. The current study was conducted to assess the performance of chickpea genotypes across three sowing regimes at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2020-21. Twenty three chickpea genotypes were evaluated as independent experiments under early (3rd October), normal (22nd October) and late (5th December) sowing conditions in randomized complete block design with three replications. Pooled analysis of variance across three environments revealed significant differences among genotypes and environments for all the studied traits. Genotype × environment interaction was also significant for most of the studied traits except for days to emergence, secondary branches plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 100-grain weight. Averaged over three environments, maximum primary branches plant-1 were recorded for genotypes NDC-122 and NDC-4-20-2 (2.9), pods plant-1 for NDC-15-4 (40.2), seeds pod-1 for NDC-15-4 (2.3) and seed yield for NDC-15-4 (1440 kg h-1). The genotype × environment interaction means showed maximum primary branches plant-1 for genotypes NDC-122, NDC-4-20-2 and NDC-4-20-40 (3.3), pods plant-1 for NDC-15-4 (54.7), seeds pod-1 for NDC-15-4 (2.6) and seed yield for NDC-15-4 (2178.1 kg ha-1). Under early, normal and late sowing conditions, maximum number of pods plant-1 were observed for genotypes NIFA-2005 (37.0), NDC-15-4 (54.7) and NDC-15-4 (34.0), seeds pod-1 for NIFA-2005 (2.3), NDC-15-4 (2.6) and EG1 (2.2), seed yield for NIFA-2005 (1268.4 kg ha-1), NDC-15-4 (2178.1 kg ha-1) and EG1 (1080.0 kg ha-1), respectively. High broad sense heritability values were recorded for seed yield under early and normal sowing (0.94 each) and 0.91 under late sowing environments, respectively. Similarly, high broad sense heritability values were recorded for biological yield under early 0.80, normal 0.97 and late 0.69 sowing environments, respectively. Seed yield showed significantly positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations with plant height, secondary branches plant-1, pods plant-1, seeds pod-1 and biological yield under early, normal and late sowing environments. Chickpea genotypes performed better under normal sowing as compared to early and late sowing environments. Across environments, genotypes NDC-15-4, IG3 and MG5 remained at the top regarding yield and can be forwarded for variety approval process and could be utilized in future breeding programs.
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