PJB-2022-148
WHEAT PERFORMANCE ON SALINE SOIL USING VARIOUS FERTILIZER TYPES WITH AND WITHOUT GYPSUM APPLICATION
Palwasha Iqbal
Abstract
Food security is most important issue of Pakistan. However, fertile soil is becoming unproductive due to various amendment and pollution. Good management with suitable fertilizer combinations are essential to make unproductive soil high profitable. Study was intended to evaluate two wheat varieties under several fertilizers (N and P) combination with and without gypsum on saline soil. Experiment was conducted at Research Farm of A.M. Khan Mardan in 2020-21. Wheat varieties (Wadan and Khaist) were planted under different fertilizers combination (Nitro-Phos+Urea, DAP+Urea and SSP+Urea) yielding 100 kg N and 90 kg P on hectare with and without 0.5 Mg gypsum ha-1 along with control. Plant height, days to anthesis and maturity, grains spike-1, and grain weight spike-1 were all found to be significant, thousand grain weight, grain yield, and biological yield were all significantly influenced by cultivars, gypsum, and fertilizer application. Overall, the performance of Khaista-2017 was better than Wadan-2017 to yield higher with healthy yield components. Khaista-2017 resulted in 19%, 11%, 21% and 13% higher thousand grains weight, grains spike-1, biological and grain yield, respectively. Gypsum application (5 tons ha-1) showed healthy parameters of wheat plants resulted in with higher grain yield by expressing grain weight, grains per spike and grain weight spike-1. Furthermore, among fertilizer types, Urea with DAP resulted in better yield and yield components of wheat as compared to control or N and P fertilizers from other sources. Combination of urea + DAP resulted in 21%, 17% and 15.8% higher grain weight, grain yield and grain number spike-1 when compared with Nitro-Phos + Urea fertilizers, respectively and 39%, 41%, 36% and 45% increase over the control in yield, grain weight, grain spike-1 and biological yield. The study concluded that Khaista variety when treated with 5 tons ha-1 gypsum along-with Urea+DAP is good to yield higher grain yield of wheat on a saline type of soil in Mardan climate.
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