PJB-2022-131
A COMPARISON OF NICKEL TOXICITY IN WASTE WATER CONTAMINATED SOIL OF PASTURE AND ANIMAL BODY SYSTEMS IN THREE THSILS OF SARGODHA, PAKISTAN
KAFEEL AHMAD
Abstract
Trace minerals play important role in growth of ruminants. The main goal of the research was to evaluate and compare the metal profile of grazing cows on three sites with respect to requirement of these ruminants. Three tehsils of Sargodha namely jhanwarian, Sahiwal and silanwaali were chosen where fodder and forages have been irrigated by untreated wastewater. The basic purpose of this research work includes the threatening appraisal levels of Ni in fodder and forage crops. The metal detection in soil samples among all three sites were ranged from 10.11-14.71 mg/Kg whereas 1.34-1.52 mg/Kg in water samples. The observed values among forage and fodder samples were ranged 8.25-13.35 mg/Kg whereas 1.93-2.46 mg/Kg in blood samples of animals feeding in these areas. Moreover, the soil in which these crops were grown also evaluated to get pollution load index which ranged 1.11-1.62. Further indices include BCF ranging from 0.70-1.25, EF 0.095-0.14 and DIM 0.014-0.022. The forage Ni, concentrations found in this study were lower than the NRC-recommended acceptable threshold. The conc. of Ni in crops being irrigated by contaminated water were less than MPL by FAO/WHO. The conc. Ni of in wastewater used for irrigation purpose were more than MPL by FAO/WHO in soil sample. Another goal of this study is to see whether forage analysis could have been used to determine mineral inadequacies or overabundance in grazing livestock throughout varied wastewater treatments.
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