PJB-2022-65
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME SELECTED MEDICINAL FLOWERS
SAQIB ULLAH
Abstract
Secondary metabolites are valuable source of antibiotics and herbicides present in medicinal plants. For this purpose, Phytochemical screening and biological activities of ethanolic extract of Althea officinalis, Hyssopus officinalis, Nymphaea alba, and Sphaeranthus indicus flowers was carried out. The qualitative phytochemistry exhibited the existence of proteins, reducing sugars, saponins, hydrolysable tannins, phytosterols, steroidal glycosides, phenols, triterpenoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and fixed oils. The phytotoxic activity revealed the highest FI50 value (2007.4µg/ml) for S. indicus while the lowest FI50 value (360.0µg/ml) was shown by H. officinalis. The antibacterial activity revealed that the maximum zone of inhibition (34 mm) was shown by N. alba against Salmonella typhi while the lowest zone of inhibition was shown by A. officinalis (4 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus. The antifungal activity exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition (29 mm) was shown by S. indicus against Aspergillus niger while the lowest zone of inhibition (5 mm) was shown by N. alba against A. niger. The highest percentage of radical scavenging activity (83.25) were reported by H. officinalis while the lowest % RSA (39.74) showed by S. indicus followed by N. alba (50.56%). Similarly, the highest IC50 values (891.09 µg/ml) were reported by H. officinalis while the lowest IC50 values (0.91 µg/ml) showed by H. officinalis. The present study concluded the effective use of flowers of plants might be the presence of active secondary metabolites against various bacterial, fungal diseases and for the isolation of herbicidal compounds.
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