PJB-2022-39
SEED PROTEIN PROFILING FOR ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN INDIGENOUS GENOTYPES OF BARLEY
Murad Ali
Abstract
New sources of genetic diversity must be incorporated into plant breeding programs if they are to continue increasing grain yield and quality, Barley Germplasm collections provide a source of genetic and phenotypic diversity, but characterization of these resources is required to increase their utility for breeding programs. In the current study, the genetic diversity of 363 genotypes of barley was evaluated as shown by seed storage protein profile using SDS-PAGE. The Electrophoregram exhibited three zones. One zone, RI contained 9 bands between 10kDa to 60kDa; the other zones, RII & RIII contained 12 & 5 bands respectively. The former ranging in size from 61 to 120kDa whiles the later from 121 to 180kDa. The average Genetic Index for R-I was 17% while that for R-II was 27%. Among the bands, B-4 and B-5 had the greatest Genetic Diversity (90.59% and 88.88%, respectively). Band B-3 was monomorphic and bands B-1 and B-7 almost so, being found in 94.88% of the landraces studied. The zone wise average information revealed that: Zone 5 and 6 shows 0.47 % genetic diversity, Zone-3 shows 0.46% followed by Zone-7 (0.45%) then Zone-2 (0.44%) while Zone 1 & 4 shows 0.43% and 0.39% genetic diversity respectively. Based on the revealing results, 26 bands (markers) in sheet of Polyacrylamide gel were present in barley genotypes. According to tree diagram resulting from cluster analysis, these genotypes are in 3 groups. The amount of genetic diversity in genetic locus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17and 18 respectively are equal to 0.49, 0.5, 0.09, 0.49, 0.38, 0.34, 0.34, 0.34, 0.28, 0.38, 0.38, 0.28, 0.5, 0.47, 0.38, 0.47 and 0.38 and its mean equals 0.37. According to the present results and high diversity in protein markers, these markers can be used to identify differences between varieties. At 25% similarity index, dendrogram delineated genotypes into eight clusters. It was found that; 5.23% of genotypes reported from BC, KP, PJ and NA were genetic linked in C-I, 10.46% genotypes reported from BC, KP, PJ and SD were genetic linked in C-II while 14.32% genotypes of BC, KP, PJ, SD and NA grouped together in C-III. Similarly, 13.77% genotypes were clustered in C-IV while 11.29%, 11.29% and 15.70% genotypes were genetic linked in C-V, C-VI and C-VII respectively. Genotypes in these three clusters were reported from BC, KP, PJ, SD and NA. In C-VIII, 17.90% genotypes belong to all described zones were genetic linked. For increase knowledge about the genetic diversity of Pakistani barley landraces we recommend 2-D electrophoresis and DNA based markers.
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