PJB-2021-661
Macro and micromorphological study of fruits and seeds in the genus Alyssum (Brassicaceae)
Derviş ÖZTÜRK
Abstract
In this study, the fruit and seed characteristics of twelve species belonging to 5 sections of the genus Alyssum (Brassicaceae) were investigated in 12 populations from different localities of EskiÅŸehir/Turkey. Morphological and micromorphological studies were carried out using scanning stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate nutlet and fruit characteristics for systematic relationships on 12 species belonging to Alyssum genus from Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family, which spread in EskiÅŸehir. The colors of the seed vary between light brown, dull yellowish, dark brown, dull brown. The surface of the seed is reticulate, ruminate, rugose, lineolate, blister and colliculate in SEM. Differences were observed among the species in terms of surface decoration, size, shape and color. The shape of the nutlets was defined as rectangular, oval-rectangular, rectangular-linear, elliptical-rectangular, and their size ranges 1.2-2.0 mm in length and 0.5-2.0 mm in width. The shape of the fruits was defined as oblong, oval-rectangular, oblong-linear, elliptical-rectangular, and their size ranges 1.2-2.0 mm long and 0.5-2.0 mm wide. Two methods used for numerical analysis; Clustering (UPGMA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A principal component analysis allowed to highlight the most outsiders among seed micromorphology with a possible explanation. Seed length and width according to UPGMA Analysis, A. linifolium with A. obtusifolium and A. niveum with A. simplex are the most related taxa. According to results of PCA analysis, minimum and maximum value of appendage broad and minimum value of appendage length are important characters for the classification of Alyssum.
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