PJB-2021-659
RESPONSE OF CHINESE WHEAT VARIETIES TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NPK
BASIT ULLAH
Abstract
The average yield of wheat in Pakistan is low as compared to world or even to its adjoining countries like India and China. Currently, China is about 95% self-sufficient in wheat because of improved wheat varieties. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are the major primary nutrients needed by the plants in large amount. Optimum amount of these nutrients has to be maintained in soils for achieving the yield potential. High yielding varieties of wheat have high nutritional requirements and generally give prominent response to the applied levels of NPK. A field research entitled “Response of Chinese wheat varieties to different levels of NPK†was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during Rabi season 2020-2021. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) having three replications. Treatments were consisted of Chinese wheat varieties (18A1, JM-1215, JM-1683, H-1 and WS-1) with two local check (Wadan-17 and Pirsabak-15) and two NPK levels (F1: 120-90-60 and F2: 150-112-75 kg ha-1). The results of the experiment indicated that wheat varieties WS-1 produced higher tillers (444 m-2), leaf area (30.7 cm2), leaf area index (5.4), plant height (105.4 cm), spike length (22.0 cm), spikes (336 m-2), grains spike-1 (59), thousand grain weight (62.2 g), biological yield (9769 kg ha-1). Grain yield was recorded higher for wheat varieties WS-1 (4236 kg ha-1), JM-1683 (4204 kg ha-1), H-1 (3923 kg ha-1) and 18A1 (3812 kg ha-1) while higher harvest index (54%) was noted in JM-1683. Application of NPK at the rate of (150:112:75 kg ha-1) took less days to emergence (13) and increased emergence (87 m-2), number of tillers (432 m-2), leaf area (20.6 cm2), leaf area index (3.6), plant height (98.3 cm), spike length (16.0 cm), number of spike (319 m-2), number of grains spike-1 (43), thousand grain weight (56.6 g), biological yield (9042 kg ha-1) and grain yield (3702 kg ha-1) followed by lower level of NPK (120:90:60 kg ha-1). It was concluded that wheat varieties WS-1, JM-1683, H-1 and 18A1 produced higher grain yield with the application of NPK at the rate of 150:112:75 kg ha-1 is therefore recommended.
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