PJB-2021-527
PROTEOMICS PROFILING PROVIDES INSIGHT INTO SALINITY TOLERANCE OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ROOTS
Adnan Khan
Abstract
Salt stress is an obstacle that limiting crop productivity, with adverse effects on plant growth. The aim of the present research work was to investigate the nutrient ions to identify salt stress-responsive proteins and protein pathways with cellular, biological, and molecular functions under 250mM NaCl stress. For that purpose, the roots of wheat were treated with 250 mM NaCl for six days. During investigation, we found that high concentration of Na+ in the roots hindered K+ accumulation, indicating that the negative effects of salts on plant growth could be associated with reduced K+ accumulation and more Na+ and Cl- in the roots. We conducted proteomic analysis of salinity tolerance protein expression. Interestingly, salt stress enhanced 2436 proteins in the wheat roots. According to this criterion, 198 DAPs were discovered, including 170 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated proteins. Many of these proteins were involved in salinity tolerance, including, heat shock protein, Glutathione S-transferase, dehydrin, peroxidase, potassium channel beta subunit-type H+-ATPase, superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn), 14-3-3 protein, peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase, and heat shock proteins. Under salinity, the abundance of a V-type H+ ATPase and 14-3-3 protein was enhanced, that facilitated Na+ compartmentalization in the vacuole through the SOS pathway. In higher plants, the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway regulates Na+ compartmentalization and excretion. Many antioxidant enzymes including, one ascorbate peroxidase (APX), one glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and three thioredoxins) were up-regulated that played a vital role in the detoxification of ROS in salinity-stressed wheat roots. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses showed salinity stress enhanced the abundance of proteins in several metabolic pathways such as the Citrate cycle (TCA) followed by Ribosome, Oxidative phosphorylation, Glycolysis Carbon metabolism, and cytoplasm. Our study provides novel insights on protein abundance in response to abiotic stress and stress-response mechanisms. These results will assist the development of genetically engineered stress-tolerant crops.
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