PJB-2020-430
RATE AND TIMING OF N-FERTILIZER INTEGRATIVE RESPONSE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS
Mohammad Akmal
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential component of crop growth and development. Its application has to associate with crop growth stages for optimum rate to overcome production cost. This study aimed to investigate N application rate (NAR; 0, 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg ha-1) and timing [NAT1, 100% of the applied dose at sowing; NAT2, 50% at sowing and 50% at tillering (70 days after sowing; DAS); NAT3; 25% at sowing, 50% at tillering and 25% at booting stage (100 DAS), and NAT4; 25% at sowing, 25% at tillering and 50% at booting stage] on growth traits (days to anthesis, days to physiological maturity, crop growth rate and plant height) and yield components (spike length, spike weight, grain yield and biomass) of wheat cultivars. Results showed a significant change in number of days to anthesis with NAR and cultivars. Days to maturity was significantly differed with NAR, NAT and cultivars. Plant height also was significantly varied with the different NAR and cultivars. Crop growth rate (CGR) reported at different stages (i.e. tillering, anthesis and grain filling) revealed an increase with 140 kg N ha-1 given to the crop in three splits i.e. 25, 50, 25% at sowing, tillering and booting stages, respectively. Yield contributing traits such as spike length and spike weight were higher in plants fertilized with 140 kg N ha-1 given as NAT3, and hence resulted in good production as grain and biomass yields. The study concluded that three splits N (NAT3) was more efficient for wheat variety of Pakhtunkhwa 2015 under the recent changes in climate, which has a shift in precipitation with more frequent distribution in the crop growth durations to overcome loss and increase wheat yield.
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