PJB-2020-357
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND ZNO NANOPARTICLES ON PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) SEEDLING
FATMA MUTLU
Abstract
This study was conducted for the purpose of evaluating the effects of chemically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Triticum vulgare L. cv. Pehlivan plants using precipitation method. ZnO NPs were applied at specific doses (0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.1%) in Hoagland and saline conditions (200 mM NaCl) for 5 days. Hoagland+ZnO NPs became substantially ineffective or had negative effects on growth parameters. It was found that Hoagland+0.1% ZnO NPs showed its negative effects on the growth parameters by increasing substantially CAT, GST, and SOD activities as well as MDA and Zn levels. Hoagland+ZnO NPs had the effect of increasing the fatty acid ratios in different concentrations. In the Hoagland+0.1% ZnO NPs treatment, the highest increase was determined in the proline and arginine and this increase was found as 2.1 and 19.9-fold, respectively, than the control group. NaCl+ZnO NPs led to increases on the growth parameters and the highest increase was obtained in NaCl+0.05% ZnO NPs treatment. The findings indicated that NaCl+ZnO NPs treatments allowed wheat to gain resistance against salt stress by increasing rates of CAT, GST and SOD activities and polyunsaturated fatty acid (linolenic acid and α-linolenic acid) and decreasing MDA and Zn levels. NaCI+ZnO NPs led to a high increase in some essential amino acid levels at high doses. The highest increase was obtained from histidine, arginine, and glutamic acid in NaCl+0.1% ZnO NPs treatment and this increase was 4.0, 9.5 and 2.9-fold than the control group. The changes determined in unsaturated fatty acid and amino acid levels were evaluated as the strategies to modulate the oxidative stress caused by ZnO NPs in the wheat plants. These results indicated that ZnO NPs had a great use potential to improve the development of plants under salt stress at this determined dose in the early growth period. Keywords: Triticum vulgare, Zinc oxide nanoparticles, Salt stress, Growth response, Antioxidant enzymes, Lipid peroxidation, Free fatty acid, Amino acid.
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