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Pak. J. Bot., 47(SI): 321-324, 2015. |
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Updated: 31-12-15 | ||||
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RADISH EXTRACTS AS NATURAL FUNGICIDES FOR MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. LYCOPERSICI, THE CAUSE OF TOMATO WILT
ARSHAD JAVAID* AND ANILA BASHIR
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore. *Corresponding author’s e-mail: arshadjpk@yahoo.com, arshad.iags@pu.edu.pk
Abstracts: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, the cause of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) wilt disease, is responsible for significant yield losses in this crop. Generally, chemical fungicides are used to combat the menace. However, due to adverse effects of synthetic agrochemicals on health and environment, scientists are in search of eco-friendly alternatives for management of phytopathogens. The present study was conducted for the control of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici using methanolic extracts of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). In a laboratory screening bioassay, antifungal activity of different concentrations (1-6%) of methanolic root, leaf and fruit extracts of radish was studied against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Malt extract broth was used as growth medium. Root and leaf extracts showed higher antifungal activity than the fruit extract. Various concentrations of methanolic root, leaf and fruit extracts of radish reduced fungal biomass by 30–39%, 39–52% and 20–35, respectively, over control. Methanolic extracts of leaves and roots were further partitioned using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Antifungal activity of seven concentrations (ranging from 3.125 to 200 mg mL-1) of each of the sub-fraction of methanolic extracts was evaluated against the pathogen. Among various sub-fractions of leaf extract, chloroform sub-fraction showed the best antifungal activity causing 52–64% reduction in fungal biomass. Likewise, ethyl acetate and n-butanol sub-fractions of root extract exhibited the best antifungal activity causing 52–96% and 62–95% reduction in fungal biomass over corresponding control treatments, respectively. The present study concludes that ethyl acetate and n-butanol sub-fractions of root extract of radish can be exploited for management of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.
Key words: Antifungal, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici, Fungicides, Radish, Raphanus sativus, Tomato wilt.
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