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Pak. J. Bot., 47(SI): 265-273, 2015. |
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Updated: 31-12-15 | ||||
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PRECEDING RICE GENOTYPES, RESIDUAL PHOSPHORUS AND ZINC INFLUENCE HARVEST INDEX AND BIOMASS YIELD OF SUBSEQUENT WHEAT CROP UNDER RICE-WHEAT SYSTEM
AMANULLAH1, INAMULLAH1,4, KHALID NAWAB3 AND ZAHIR SHAH2
1Department of Agronomy; 2Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences; 3Department of Agricultural Extension Education and Communication, University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan 4Agriculture Extension Officer Batkhela (Malakand), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan *Corresponding author’s email: inamullah@aup.edu.pk and amanullah@aup.edu.pk
Abstract: Continuous cropping of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for several decades resulted in depletion of plant nutrients in soil and decline in yields of both crops. One strategy to increase crop productivity under rice-wheat system is balanced application of crop nutrients. Field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of phosphorus (0, 40, 80, 120 kg P ha-1) and zinc levels (0, 5, 10, 15 kg Zn ha-1) on the productivity of rice genotypes (fine and coarse) and their residual effects on tillers m-2, straw and biomass yields, and harvest index of the succeeding wheat under rice-wheat cropping system in Northwest Pakistan during 2011-12 and 2012-13. Wheat variety (cv. Siran-2010) was grown on the same layout after rice harvest but no additional P and Zn was applied to wheat crop in both years. The results revealed that tillers m-2, straw and biomass yields, and harvest index of wheat were significantly greater in treatments receiving the higher P level (120 > 80 > 40 > 0 kg P ha-1) and Zn level (15 > 10 > 5 > 0 kg Zn ha-1) during the preceding rice season. The results further showed that tillers m-2, straw and biomass yields, and harvest index of wheat were significantly greater when grown after the low yielding fine rice genotype (Basmati-385) than grown after high yielding coarse genotypes (F-Malakand & Pukhraj). The residual of P and Zn concentration in soil were higher in the second than in first year of experiment. These results confirmed strong carry over effects of both P and Zn applied to the previous rice crop on the productivity of subsequent wheat under rice-wheat cropping system.
Key words: Wheat, Harvest index, Biomass, Residual P & Zn, Rice-wheat system
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