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Pak. J. Bot., 47(4): 1415-1422, 2015.

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  Updated: 18-08-15

 

 

DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF SEGETAL WEEDS OF CEREAL CROPS IN TAJIKISTAN

 

ARKADIUSZ NOWAK1,2*, SYLWIA NOWAK1, MARCIN NOBIS3,4 AND AGNIESZKA NOBIS3

 

Abstract: Using the literature data and field research conducted in 2009-2013 the distribution patterns, habitat conditions, phytogeographical characterisation and endangerment of weeds occurring in cereal crops in Tajikistan were analysed. We found out that Tajik weed flora of cereal crops counts 686 taxa. The most species rich families include Asteraceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae. The highest number of cereal weeds were noted in large river valleys of Syr-Daria, Amu-Daria and their tributaries in south-western and northern Tajikistan. This subregions have the warmest climate conditions and extensive arable lands. The greatest weed species richness was observed in submontane and montane elevations between approx. 700 and 1,900 m a.s.l. Cereal weeds occur frequently outside segetal communities in Tajikistan. They were noted usually in screes, wastelands,  xerothermophilous grasslands, river gravel beds and in steppes habitats. The assessment of threat status reveals that ca. 33% of total cereal weed flora in Tajikistan are disappearing or occur very rarely. According to the chorological data we find that in the cereals of Tajikistan, 35 endemic and 14 subendemic species occur. The most numerous chorological elements of threatened weed flora of Tajikistan are Irano-Turanian (55%), pluriregional (16%), cosmopolitan (14,5%), Mediterranean (9%) and Eurosiberian (5%) species. Further research is suggested to explore the distribution patterns of all weed species in Tajikistan as it should be useful for economy and effectiveness of crop production as well as conservation of most valuable species.

 

Key words: Chorology, Agroecosystems, Biodiversity, Middle Asia, Altitudinal amplitude.

 


1Department of Biosystematics, Laboratory of Geobotany & Plant Conservation, Opole University, Oleska 22, 45-052 Opole, Poland

2Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic

3Department of Plant Taxonomy, Phytogeography and Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 27, 31-501 Kraków, Poland

4Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecology, Institute of Biology, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Prospekt, Tomsk, 634050, Russia

*Corresponding author’s e-mail: anowak@uni.opole.pl


   
   

 

   
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