PJB-2018-255
CHANGES IN PEROXIDASE AND POLYPHENOL OXIDASE ENZYMES ACTIVITY AND TRANSCRIPT LEVELS OF RELATED GENES IN TWO EGYPTIAN BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS (TRITICUM AESTIVUM VULGARE L.) AS AFFECTED BY GAMMA IRRADIATION AND SALINITY STRESS
Amina A. Aly
Abstract
Salinity is considering one of the most significant abiotic stresses for crop plants, including cereals. The effect of gamma irradiation (100, 200, and 300 Gy) and NaCl (60 and 120mM) on peroxidase (POD) and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes activities in two Egyptian bread wheat cultivars (Sids-1 and Sakha-93) were investigated. POD and PPO activities increased significantly with increasing NaCl concentrations, and the maximal activity increased at 120 mM NaCl, while the activity of POD was higher than in PPO at the same concentrations of NaCl in the both two cultivars. Same trend was observed in all treatments. The level expression of POD gene in Sakha-93 cultivar was more than in Sids-1. While gene expression was more pronounced at 120 mM NaCl combined with gamma irradiation dose level 300 Gy. Polyphenol oxidase isozyme analysis revealed a total of six bands, whereas all of them are variable and exposed the effect of gamma ray and salinity with different genetic response of the two wheat cultivars. Gamma ray can be used as a useful tool for gene expression in plants and salt tolerance could be attributed to the constitutive induced antioxidant gene, leading to more efficient enzyme stimulation and protection in wheat. Key words: Enzymes, Gamma irradiation, Gene expression, Salinity, Wheat
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