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Abstract

CuAg/TiO2 nanocomposites were biologically synthesized using cell-free culture filtrate of endophytic Penicillium diatomitis and focused on the green synthesis. The green synthesis provides stable and eco-friendly approaches for synthesizing nanoparticles with Penicillium species as capping and reducing agents. To synthesize CuAg/TiO2, the extract of P. diatomitis was mixed with the solution of Titanium, Copper and Silver. The synthesized NPs are characterized by using XRD, SEM, UV visible spectroscopy, FTIR and TGA respectively. The efficacy of CuAg/TiO2 NPs were evaluated for fungicidal activity against Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria alternata and Macrophomina phaseolina and also bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus by using well diffusion and disc diffusion method. The concentration used in terms of 20μg/mL, 40μg/mL and 60μg/mL showed the inhibition by forming a major zone of inhibition against each pathogen. Antioxidant activity was also performed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay which determined the increased level by reducing the oxidative stress level. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) characterization of synthesized CuAg/TiO2 NPs were also performed in order to identify the compounds associated with their bioactivity. These results show that biosynthesized nanocomposites can be used for treating diseases and future studies should focus on optimizing the synthesis process to increase the economic efficiency of CuAg/TiO2 nanocomposite.

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