Paper Details

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effect of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo) leaf residues on the performance and growth of arugula (Eruca sativa) in terms of germinational, morphological, and physiological characteristics, as well as mineral content, vitamins, and flavonoid accumulation. Dried plant residues were mixed with soil at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% (w/w), and the soil was incubated for one month before planting. The results showed a concentration-dependent response, with a 1% concentration significantly increasing in length and dry weight of plant shoot and root,also, number of leaves, leaf area .as well as increasing total chlorophyll content compared to the control treatment.this concentration slso caused an increase in the content of measured essential nutrients element ,an increase in the fat- and water-soluble vitamins content (A, C, E, K, and B complex)also observed, in addition to the increasing kn the concentrations of flavonoids (luteolin, rutin, kaempferol, and quercetin). Conversely, a 3% concentration reduced germination and inhibited several growth indicators, demonstrating inhibitory allelopathic effects at high concentrations. The stimulatory effect at low concentrations is ascribed to the release of allelochemicals(phenolic compounds) during residue degradation in the root zone. These results have confirmed the potential for utilizing low concentrations of crop residues as a sustainable agricultural practice to improve plant growth and nutritional value, while emphasizing the need for careful management to avoid toxic effects at high concentrations.

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