PJB-2026-89
Phytochemical profiling and metabolite fingerprinting of Vachellia nilotica, Capparis decidua, and Calligonum polygonoides from the Cholistan desert
Ehsan Ali
Abstract
Medicinal plants are undoubtedly considered viable candidates for evaluation, which leads to the characterization and isolation of newer and safer lead compounds. This study aimed to evaluate metabolite fingerprinting and profiling of Vachellia nilotica, Capparis decidua, and Calligonum polygonoides found in the Cholistan desert. The proximate nutritional analysis of dried, powdered plant materials was performed using approved techniques of analysis. The quantity of the minerals was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry using a double-beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Perkin-Elmer Model 2380. Phenolic and flavonoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis was carried out to obtain a 1H‑NMR spectrum using a 500 MHZ Bruker Avance‑500 spectrometer. The results of the present study confirmed that there is a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the phytochemical composition among selected species. C. polygonoides had exceptionally high fiber, magnesium, and flavonoid glycosides. V. nilotica was richest in protein, ash, iron, zinc, copper, and flavonoid glycosides. C. decidua had the highest fat, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium, and a complex mixture of condensed tannins. Each species showed a distinct phytochemical profile, and they can be explored for the isolation of phytoconstituents having potential to be used for the synthesis of medicines for the treatment of different diseases. The findings provided scientific evidence for the use of these traditionally used medicinal plants.
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