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Integrated disease management of Rhizoctonia solani root rot in common bean
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani was frequently isolated from diseased plants, and A 688 bp rDNA fragment was successfully amplified, which identified the isolate as R. solani CB1 (OR053863) with 96.44% genetic similarity to R. solani AG-4 HGIII RR2 (LC504765.1). In vitro, isolate CB1 caused 100% disease severity in bean seedlings. In the food poison method, fungicides exhibited substantial suppression in the growth of R. solani. Fungicide Nativo showed 52.2% growth inhibition when used @ 1 ppm. Ready Super at 10 ppm gave 72.5% growth suppression of the pathogen. In dual culture plate assays, Trichoderma longibrachiatum and T. harzianum suppressed R. solani growth by 66.7 and 60.4%, respectively. In pot experiment, R. solani showed 46.7% disease severity in positive control plants. The disease severity decreased to 6.7% with Nativo treatment, showing the best control. Fungicides and biocontrol agents significantly decreased disease severity and improved growth of bean plants compared to control. Biological agents, including T. harzianum and T. longibrachiatum, outperformed fungicides in improving plant length and dry weight.
