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Abstract

Sub-tropical Chir pine forests are one of the important forest ecosystems Unfortunately, our forests are depleting at alarming rate. The study area was District Rawalpindi including Murree, Kahuta and Kotlisattian, the study was conducted to find out regeneration of Chir pine in district Rawalpindi through spatiotemporal changes. The temporal changes were detedted between 1999-2024 (2004-2009, 2009-2014, 2014-2019 and 2019-2024) by using satellites MODIS, Land Sat 8 and Sentinel 2. The trend in chir pine cover during 1999-2004 was moderate, dense chir pine cover was highest covering an area of 396 km2. This positive trend was due to less deforestation. In 2004-2009 a slight decrease in dense chir pine cover was observed , the reason for negative trend was deforestation or land use change, 2009-2014 a dense chir pine area remained largely stable including local conservation efforts or natural growth in certain areas and less chir pine area increased from previous years, 2014-2019 highest value of dense chir pine cover was recorded as 634 km2. This shift reflect ecological restoration projects or changes in local land management practices, 2019-2024 dense Chir Pine forests showing decrease in some pockets due to fire, and moderate dense Chir Pine increased.

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