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Abstract

Medicinal plants that have been utilized from thousand years ago and are still as an essential source of modern, potent pharmaceuticals products. With the advancement of pharmaceutical chemistry and phytochemistry, the capacity to use therapeutic substances derived from plants or their synthetic equivalents in medicine has improved. Grewia optiva is significant medicinal plant in the family malvaceae is used traditionally is polio, digestive problem and fooder. The present study was conducted to evaluate phytochemical sceening, GC-MS analysis, antispasmodic, and cytotoxicity. Using the specified protocol, a phytochemical analysis was performed on the plant extract. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to confirm the identification of biologically active substances. The antidiarrheal activity was assessed using the gastrointestinal motility test. The phytochemical analysis illustrated that the ethanolic extracts of Grewia optiva was rich in flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, fats and oils, proteins, phytosterols and cardiac glycosides. Numerous bioactive compounds were found in the ethanolic extract of G. optiva at varying retention times (min), according to GC-MS analysis. These included pharmacologically active compounds such as Glycerin used for glaucoma, 2,4- Di-tert- butylphenol has antimicrobial and anticancer activities, 9-octadecenoic acid showed anti-inflammatory response, Euric acid used to produced emollients, especially for skin and healthcare products. The results of antispasmodic activity illustrated that ethanolic extract of Grewia optiva (P<0.001) inhibited charcoal movement 60.83% at 300 mg/kg. The results of cytotoxic potential to kill brine shrimp napulii. The highest mortality rate of brine shrimp nauplii (26.67%) was observed at the 1000 mg/ml dose of the ethanolic extract. Conversely, the lowest mortality rate (6.67%) was recorded with the 10 mg/ml concentration of the ethanolic extract. Overall, the findings indicated that. The Grewia optiva plant showed remarkable activity against various antispasmodic and cytotoxic tests, which can be indicated by the compound's secondary metabolites. The finding provided scientific proof for the traditional therapeutic application of Grewia optiva.

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