Paper Details

PJB-2026-1504

Genome size estimation and physiological responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Vecora rojo) under salt stress for in vitro selection of tolerant lines

Mohammad Nadeem, Fahad Al-Qurainy, Salim Khan, Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi, Mohamed Tarroum, Hassan O. Shaikhaldein, Abdalrhaman M. Salih, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Arwa Ali Al-Harbi and Nawal F. Al-Rasheedi
Abstract

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In vitro callus culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Yecora rojo) was established on MS medium supplied with different concentrations of 2, 4-D, and NAA (0.5-10 µM). The maximum callus growth was observed in MS media with 5.0 µM 2,4-D on a fresh weight basis. The effects of salt stress were studied on the callus of wheat. We analyzed biochemical markers and the response of the antioxidant system in callus. The callus fresh and dry weight were found to be maximum (fresh wt.1.01 g and dry wt. 0.14 g on MS+50.0 mM NaCl).  As the concentration of salt increased, the content of soluble protein, proline, and TBARS were higher in comparison to control. However, all these parameters decreased at the highest and enhanced salt concentration (200 mM NaCl) as of control. Similar observations were made in the case of antioxidant enzymes under salinity stress which were found to be highest at 150 mM NaCl as of control. The flow cytometry analysis exhibited no significant differences in genome size in treated and control calli, hence it was genetically stable with their genome size (2C DNA content) like control. The high salt tolerance of calli was evident from the accumulation of solute in the cell as of control.

To Cite this article: Nadeem, M., F. Al-Qurainy, S. Khan, A. Al-Hashimi, M. Tarroum, H.O. Shaikhaldein, A.M. Salih, A.Z. Gaafar, A.A. Al-Harbi and N.F. Al-Rasheedi. 2026. Genome size estimation and physiological responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Vecora rojo) under salt stress for in vitro selection of tolerant lines. Pak. J. Bot., 58(1): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2026-1(28)  
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