PJB-2025-323
Potential of Se and Se/CuO nanoparticles for Enhancing Growth and biochemical traits of Clover plants under the combination of salinity and Pb stress with reference to its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties
Abdelatti Ibrahim Nowwar
Abstract
Nanotechnology is emerging as an effective tool to promote sustainable agriculture, particularly in addressing abiotic stresses such as salinity and heavy metals. This study highlights the eco-friendly synthesis of selenium (Se) and selenium/copper oxide (Se/CuO) nanoparticles from Mentha viridis L. leaf extract. Characterizations using fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques confirmed the formation of spherical and crystalline Se/CuO nanoparticles with an average size of 33.8 and 34.1 nm, respectively. These nanoparticles exhibited potent antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, as well as plant growth-promoting effects under combined salinity and heavy metal stresses. In alfalfa plant, selenium/CuO nanoparticles improved morphological characteristics and biochemical indicators (pigments, proteins, carbohydrates, proline, and antioxidant enzymes), which typically decrease under stress. Notably, selenium/CuO nanoparticles at a concentration of 50 ppm reduced lead content by 25.12%. Antimicrobial tests showed higher inhibition zones for selenium/CuO nanoparticles compared to selenium nanoparticles alone, with selenium/CuO nanoparticles exhibiting inhibition zones of up to 40 mm against E. faecalis. The selenium/copper oxide nanoparticles also demonstrated superior antioxidant activity, with an IC50 of 8.19 μg/mL, compared to 23.68 μg/mL for the selenium nanoparticles. These results confirm the potential of bioengineered bimetallic nanoparticles to alleviate stress and improve crop resilience.
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