PJB-2025-304
Evaluating Three Pakistani Soybean Cultivars for High-Temperature Tolerance
Muhammad Nadeem
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) seedlings may be exposed to low or high temperatures under early or conventional soybean production systems. The suitable optimum temperature for soybean cultivation is 30/22ºC. Considering climate temperature changes in the world, a study was conducted to quantify the performance of three major Pakistani soybean cultivars at high temperature (HT; 40/25ºC) in green house during the seedling growth stage. The performance was accessed in terms of morphological features, biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity assays and expression analysis of stress related genes. For all parameters, leaf samples were collected at 32 Days After Sowing (DAS). The results showed that Germination Percentage (GP) was high in NARC-II and RAWAL-I with earlier Days to Flower Initiation (DFI) and Days to Maturity (DM) as compared to SWAT-84. NARC-II Showed Smaller Plant Height (PH) and low Number of Branches per Plant (NBP) and Pods per Plant (PP) as compared to RAWAL-I and SWAT-84. Seed Yield was recorded high for NARC-II as compared to RAWAL-I and SWAT-84 cultivars. Total chlorophyll was observed higher in NARC-II and RAWAL-I as compared to SWAT-84, while carotenoids content was observed higher in NARC-II as compared to RAWAL-I and SWAT-84. High Total Soluble protein (TSP) was observed in NARC-II as compared to RAWAL-I and SWAT-84. Antioxidant enzymatic activity for POD and SOD activity was observed higher in SWAT-84 among cultivars. Relative expression of peroxidase (GLYMA_19G148800) gene and lipoxygenase (GLYMA_13G239000) indicates that NARC-II has the highest expression followed by RAWAL-I and SWAT-84.
Keywords: Soybean, Morphology, Antioxidant, Peroxidase, Lipoxygenase, Yield.
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