PJB-2025-194
Assessing Maize Hybrid Performance: Yield Stability and Adaptability through Correlation and GGE Biplot Analysis in Divergent Environments
Aamar Shehzad
Abstract
Maize stands one of the most important grain crops to meet the food demand of rapidly growing population amid diminishing natural resources. Therefore, developing high yielding maize hybrids for specific environments, particularly in the face of shifting climatic conditions, is crucial for ensuring food security. The present study was conducted taking thirty hybrids in randomized complete block design (RCBD) across two separate environments (Faisalabad E1 and Sahiwal E2) during 2021. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among hybrids for most traits except plant height (PH) and ear height (ErH). Both environments had a substantial impact on grain yield. G×E interaction showed significant to highly significant variation for grain yield (GY), cob length (CL), cob girth (CG), No. of grains/row (GR) and 1000 grain weight (GWt). Correlation analysis revealed significant relationship of GY with CG (0.41), CL (0.53), PH (0.52), ErH (0.37) at E1, while only showed single positive relationship with PH (0.49) at E2. Various GGE biplots, utilizing the first two principal components (PCs), were generated to elucidate the G×E interaction. The first two PCs for GY accounted for 74.63% and 25.37%. Based on GY, PH, ErH, CL, CG, GR, GWt, DS and Shell, G3, G11, G25, G3, G4, G7, G11, G16 and G8 were identified as the most stable genotypes. Accordingly, environment E1 was deemed the most representative, while genotype G16 emerged as the most suitable for grain yield based on genotype ranking.
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