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Abstract

Abstract The current study aimed at assessing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of methanol extract of aerial parts of the plant using in-vitro as well as in-vivo assays. The effect of plant extract on inflammatory gene markers was determined through mRNA expression levels. The phytochemical profiling of the extract was done through GC-MS analysis and colorimetric methods. Plant extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential that was comparable to, and in some cases, even higher than those of standard antioxidants and drugs used (ascorbic acid, gallic acid, and Trolox for antioxidant activity, and aspirin and diclofenac sodium for anti-inflammatory activity). High content of phenolics and tannins in the extract was observed by phytochemical analysis. In GC-MS analysis, the key compounds identified were Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-, hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-, methyl ester, methyl stearate, and methyl ester. The extract significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory genes (IL-4, IL-10). It is concluded from the results that C. medicaginea has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and it can be consider for further studies regarding isolation of natural anti-inflammatory drugs. Keywords: Crotalaria medicaginea, cytokines, edema, FRAP, inflammatory markers

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