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Abstract

Compound fertilizer application with biochar supplementation may be an effective and environment-friendly strategy to improve nitrogen accumulation and utilization in winter wheat. This study set up main plots of biochar (B1-B3), and sub-plots of compound fertilizer (F1-F4). Then, the effects of different treatments on winter wheat yield, soil nitrogen content, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, transport rate, contribution rate to grains, and nitrogen use efficiency in eastern Hebei Province were analyzed in two consecutive years. B2F3 treatment resulted in the highest winter wheat yield in the two years (7505.61 kg·hm-2 and 7600.35 kg·hm-2), which were significantly higher than those of BIF4 by 3% and 11%, respectively. Pre-anthesis dry matter transfer volume (1.10 kg·hm-2), transfer rate (0.40%), and contribution rate to grains (0.72%) reached the maximum value under B2F3 treatment, which were all significantly higher than those under B1F4 treatment. The post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation under B3F3 treatment was significantly higher than that under B1F4 treatment. Compound fertilizer application combined with biochar could improve the nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat in general. The nitrogen agronomic use efficiency of the first-year B2F3, B3F3, and B2F2 treatment, and the second-year B2F2 and B2F3 treatment were all significantly higher than those under B1F4 treatment. The optimal combination of 450 kg·hm-2 compound fertilizer and 7500 kg·hm-2 biochar is recommended for reducing compound fertilizer application, increasing the efficiency, and promoting the yield of winter wheat in the studied area.

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