Paper Details

PJB-2025-88

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR YIELD RELATED TRAITS DIRECTING SPECIFIC COMBINERS TOWARDS HETEROSIS IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

INAYAT AMIR
Abstract

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Combining ability and heterosis analysis are applied tools to identify the potential parents and best performing hybrids for yield and yield contributing traits in tomato. Four lines, viz., LA-2711, BL-1174, PB-LO-017904, Pioneer-2761 and four testers 01786, Yaqui, CLN-2413, and BA-1079 were crossed in line × tester crossing fashion to develop 16 F₁ hybrids. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for flowers per cluster, fruit per cluster, fruit setting percentage, clusters per plant, days to first harvest, plant height, fruit weight, fruit length, fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of branches per plant and fruit width for genotypes. In case of parents all the traits showed significant differences except, days to 50% flowering, clusters per plant, fruit weight and yield per plant. All traits showed significant differences in crosses except days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering. Comparison between parents and crosses were significant for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, fruits per cluster, fruit setting percentage, clusters per plant, plant height and fruit length. Differences among lines were significant for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, flowers per clusters, days to first harvest, clusters per plant, plant height and fruit length, days to 50% flowering. For testers, flowers per cluster, fruits per cluster, fruit setting percentage, plant height, fruit length and fruit per plant and fruit width showed significant differences. Interaction between lines and testers showed significant results for flowers per cluster, cluster per fruit weight and fruit length. Most of the traits were controlled by non-additive gene action. The genotype CLN-2413 was good general combiners for most of the characters i.e. for flowers per cluster, branches per plant, plant height and fruits per plant. While, BA-1079 for plant height, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and yield per plant and must be exploited in further breeding programs in future. Among crosses, good specific combiners were BL-1174 × BA-1079 for days to first flowering, BL-1174 × Yaqui for flowers per clusters and clusters per plant and Pioneer-2711 × 01786 for clusters per plant, LA-2711 × 01786 for plant height, PB-LO-017904 × 01786 for fruit weight and fruit length and may have the potential to be used for commercial exploitation after further evaluation. On the basis of mid parent heterosis and better parent heterosis, the crosses i.e.,  BL-1174 × CLN-2413, BL-1174 × BA-1079 , BL-1174 × Yaqui,  Pioneer-2711 × 01786 , LA-2711 × 01786 and PB-LO-017904 × 01786 were marked to be the best indigenous experimental hybrids for most of the traits and the best combiners may also be useful in transferring the genes into other adapted genotypes, for exploiting heterosis on commercial scale after further evaluation.

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