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Abstract

Olive (Olea europaea L.). cv. Koroneiki belongs to the family Oleaceae, which is an evergreen plant of Mediterranean origin. Commonly, this plant is the source of olive oil used for various purposes in human life. In order to determine the biochemical characteristics of the extracted olive oil from specific callus lines of common olive, we investigated the effects of several hormones on callus induction from field-grown plants. Mature leaves, nodal and internodal explants were surface sterilized and inoculated on MS media. Plant growth regulators in varying amounts added to MS medium (2,4-D, BAP, IBA, NAA, or TDZ) alone or in combinations forming a total of 29 treatments for callus induction. Highest (95.45%) callus induction was obtained with 8 + 2 µM BAP + IBA after 35 days of initial culture from leaf explants followed by 6 µM 2,4-D (75.55%) under the dark culture room conditions. Internode was unable to form callus. Off white, yellowish, fluffy friable proliferating calluses were obtained from leaf explants. Such highly proliferating calluses were selected as callus cell lines (CL); CL1 (2, 4-D 4 µM) and CL2 (2, 4-D 6 µM) for oil extraction and for subsequent biochemical characteristics of acid value and saponification number. Results demonstrated that CL1 showed the highest acid value (1.25) and saponification number (183). This was followed by CL2 showed 1.42 and 1.84 acid value and saponification, respectively. The present study demonstrated an efficient callus induction protocol for subsequent determination of biochemical attributes from extracted oil of in vitro dedifferentiated tissues of olive.

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