PJB-2024-623
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviate Enhanced UV-B Radiation-Induced Stress in Wheat Seedling Roots by Regulating ROS
Cheng Sun
Abstract
Enhanced UV-B radiation is a major environmental factor affecting global cereal production. Various approaches have been explored to mitigate the adverse effects of UV-B radiation on plants. In recent years, engineered nanoparticles represented by cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs) have attracted global attention for their ability to enhance plant resistance to various abiotic stresses. In the present study, the effects of CeO2-NP application on the morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and transcriptomics of wheat seedling roots under enhanced UV-B stress were investigated. The results showed that root length, fresh and dry weights, and root activity (P < 0.05) were significantly increased by CeO2-NPs under enhanced UV-B stress. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in wheat was decreased under CeO2-NP treatment, alleviating oxidative damage in seedling roots and partially restoring the root phenotype. Under non-UV-B stress conditions, CeO2-NP treatment triggered the differential expression of 237 transcripts in wheat seedlings compared to the that in the control group. Under enhanced UV-B stress, CeO2-NP treatment showed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the antioxidant defence system responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, compared to the non-nanoparticle control. This indicated that ROS scavenging might be a key mechanism by which CeO2-NPs enhance wheat resistance to enhanced UV-B radiation. This study provides a potential molecular mechanism by which CeO₂ nanoparticles may enhance wheat tolerance to UV-B stress.
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