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A Hydrological Study to Evaluate the Groundwater Suitability for Agricultural Purposes in Kharayeb Al-Sheikh Area Using Geographic Information Systems
Abstract
Abstract- Globally, monitoring the quality and quantity of groundwater resources is crucial to ensure future sustainability. In dry areas, irrigation water quality and soil salinity are a major cause of land degradation and the main determining factors for growing crops. In such areas, increasing groundwater salinity with limited rainfall hinders crop diversification that can be produced. Thus, ensuring the quality of irrigation water is crucial. The study aimed to determine the physical and chemical properties of groundwater in the Kharayeb Al-Sheikh area within the western desert of Iraq which is considered the main source of irrigation water. In this area, the groundwater is characterized by some problems related to water quality to be used for irrigation purposes. Therefore, the study also aimed to classify the groundwater according to the standard specifications of the International Food and Agriculture Organization (F. A. O. 1989). The water samples were collected from the six wells in the study area. The study included four seasons during 2023. The values of water acidity (pH) ranged from 6.8 to 7.3, water salinity (EC) ranged from 3.9 to 7.4 dSm-1, while the sodium absorption rate (SAR) ranged from 7.6 to 16.2. Moreover, the results showed variations in some groundwater chemical characteristics based on suitability for irrigating purposes. The well water was classified as C5S1, C5S2, C4S1, and C4S2, all indicating high salinity. The results indicated that the well water under study can be used under specific management.
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