PJB-2024-444
THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CADMIUM-RESISTANT FUNGI IDENTIFIED BY INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER GENE SEQUENCING ON VICIA FABA GROWTH IN CADMIUM-CONTAMINATED SOILS.
SHERIFA DAWOUD
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd+2) as a heavy metal, has harmful effects on plants. This study aims to isolate and assess the effect of fungi inoculation on the response of Vicia faba plants to Cd stress. Twelve isolates of fungi isolated from Cd-contaminated soil were screened for their resistance to Cd+2 by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) approach. Four strains had high MIC values (up to 640 µg/ml), then subjected to molecular identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequencing. The selected fungal strains identified as Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium rubens, Talaromyces stipitatus, and Trichoderma lixii. Our findings demonstrated that the morphological traits (shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight, leaf area) of Vicia faba were significantly reduced when stressed with Cd+2 element. The same trend was observed in antioxidant enzymes (Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO)) and chlorophyll a and b content when compared to un-treated plants. Cd+2 caused chromosomal aberrations and a substantial boost in proline level. Nevertheless, inoculation with fungal strains mitigates the negative effect of cadmium on plant growth at the morphological, physiological and genetic levels compared to non-inoculation plants. Eventually, the inoculation of fungus into Cd-contaminated soil significantly enhanced plant growth and minimized the negative side effect of cadmium.
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