PJB-2024-263
GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF F4 RICE SEGREGATING POPULATIONS FOR YIELD TRAITS
Muzammil Ahmad
Abstract
GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF F4 RICE SEGREGATING
POPULATIONS FOR YIELD TRAITS
Muzammil Ahmad and Syed Mehar Ali Shah
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Faculty of Crop Production Sciences
The University of Agriculture, Peshawar
April, 2024
ABSTRACT
The availability of genetic variation for yield and related variables in rice segregating populations is critical for developing high yielding cultivars. This study examined the genetic potential of 56 F4 rice segregating populations and eight parental genotypes for maturity and yield parameters. The experimental material was planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during the 2022 rice crop growing season. Analysis of variance showed substantial (p≤0.01) differences in maturity and yield attributes between parents and F4 populations. Parents and F4 populations showed considerable (p≤0.01) variance in examined variables, with the exception of flag leaf area, days to maturity, and grain length. Among the parental genotypes, DR-92 demonstrated the lowest days to heading (93.00) and maturity (123.00). Basmati-2000 had the most primary branches panicle-1 (11), while DR-92 had the most grains panicle-1 (203). Similarly, KS-282 had the highest 100-grain weight (2.73 g), and IR-8 had the highest grain yield (23.93 g). Among F4 cross combinations, IR-8 × Shua-92 exhibited highest number of primary branches panicle-1 (13) and grains panicle-1 (249.5), while DR-82 × KS-282 showed maximum 100-grain weight (2.83 g) and grain yield (32.7 g). The F4 populations Shaheen-Basmati × DR-83, KS-282 × Shua-92, and DR-83 × Shaheen-Basmati had the highest broad-sense heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean for panicle length (h2 = 0.99; GAM= 34.90%), primary branches panicle-1 (h2 = 0.76; GAM= 20.70%), and secondary branches panicle-1 (h2 = 0.95; GAM= 69.93%). F4 populations Shaheen-Basmati × IR-8, DR-83 × KS-282, and Shua-92 × DR-92 had the highest broad-sense heritability and genetic advance values for 100-grain weight (h2 = 0.88; GAM = 20.53%), grains panicle-1 (h2 = 0.98; GAM = 34.92%), and grain yield plant-1 (h2 = 0.95; GAM = 62.31%). Grain yield had substantial positive phenotypic (rp) and genotypic (rg) associations with panicle length (rp = 0.19**; rg = 0.49**), secondary branches (rp = 0.15**, rg = 0.81**), grains panicle-1 (rp = 0.23**, rg = 0.25**), and biological yield (rp = 0.60**, rg = 0.29**). Most F4 populations performed well in yield traits when compared to parental genotypes, with high heritability and genetic advance values. F4 populations; DR-82 × KS-282, DR-82 × Shaheen-Basmati, IR-8 × Shua-92, and Shaheen-Basmati × DR-92 showed the highest yield potential.
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