PJB-2024-249
EVALUATING THE LEAD AND COBALT IN DIVERSELY IRRIGATED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA) VARIETIES OF SARGODHA, PAKISTAN: HUMAN HEALTH ASSESSMENT
mehwish aslam
Abstract
Food security in on great threat due to bio-accumulation of toxic heavy metals in rice grains via contaminated soil or irrigated water source. Present study evaluates Pb and Co content in rice varieties (Super Kernel, Basmati, Kainat and Irri 6) of Sargodha. Pb concentration analyzed as 10.445-20.63 mg/kg in soil samples, 1.293-1.794mg/kg in rice grains and 0.012-0.042 mg/L in serum samples. Co concentration was analyzed as 9.402-19.322 mg/kg in soil samples, 0.9880 mg/kg-3.216 in rice grain samples and 0.0012-0.0042mg/l in serum samples. In grain samples, Irri 6 variety observed the highest Pb uptake while Basmati rice observed the highest Co uptake in their grains. All the samples showed higher Co concentration than recommended WHO limits. Highest contamination factor and transfer factor was observed for Pb in Irri 6 variety while highest enrichment factor was observed in Basmati variety. Observed values of contamination factor, Transfer factor, enrichment factor and Target hazard quotient were lesser than 1 showing that there is no carcinogenic health risk associated in study area. This study recommended that appropriate steps must be taken to reduce the Co contamination in rice grains. It is dire need of time to practice proper plans for the optimal use of domestic waste water and sustain the annual rice production to meet the population demand.
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