PJB-2024-221
ASSESSING DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN WHEAT GENOTYPES ACROSS VARIABLE WATER REGIMES: YIELD TRAITS, YIELD, AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
Mst Masuma Akhter
Abstract
Globally, drought has emerged as one of the most pronounced challenges to modern input-intensive and profit-oriented food crops farming systems. A trial was executed to comparatively assess thirty wheat genotypes under three water regimes viz., (i) well water (irrigated at crown root initiation stage, 20 days after sowing DAS; anthesis stage, 50 DAS and grain filling stage 80 DAS), (ii) one irrigation at crown root initiation stage, and (iii) no irrigation as precipitation was preventedwith the help of rainout shelter during the whole crop growing period. The experiment design was split-plot (water regimes in the main plot whereas wheat genotypes were allotted in the sub-plot) and there were three replications.. The results demonstrated that water stress adversely influenced the response variables, however, genotypes Shatabdi, BARI Gom 25, E 18, E 28, E 34, E 38, E 42, BAW 1118, and BAW 1130 performed better than rest of genotypes.. Water regimes significantly reduced number of effective tillers plant-1, length of spike, number of grains spike-1 and 1000-grain weight. Without irrigation, higher relative values (>0.680) were recorded in the wheat genotypes of BARI Gom 25, E 3, E 18, E 24, E 28, E 34, E 38, BAW 1118, BAW 1170 and BAW 1171, which could be declared as drought tolerant genotypes, whereas the highest relative value was recorded for BARI Gom 25 and it was followed by E 18, E 38, BAW 1118, BAW 1170, E 24, E 28, E 3, BAW 1171 and E 34. Contrastingly, significantly lower relative values (<0.600) were obtained for BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BARI Gom 28, E 23, BAW 1130, BAW 1138, BAW 1140, BAW 1143 and BAW 1157 indicating theirdrought susceptibility especially in BARI Gom 26. Water deficit conditions were better tolerated by wheat genotypes BARI Gom 25, E 38, BAW 1118 and E 18, while higher yield reduction was recorded for BARI Gom 26 and BAW 1130. Thus, BARI Gom 25, E 38, BAW 1118 and E 18 genotypes might be recommended to wheat growers and breeders for developing potent drought tolerant cultivars for ensuring the food security of global populace.
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