PJB-2024-165
Effect of row orientation and planting hill placement on the yeild and yeild components of sunflower
Shakir ullah
Abstract
The response of yield and quality of sunflower to row directions and planting hill practices might be a feasible technology to improve the yield and yield components of sunflower. A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar on “Effect of row orientation and planting hill on the yield components of sunflower” during spring 2023. The experiment was carried out in Randomized complete Block Design having four replications and three row orientation (East-West, North-South, and South-East) and four planting hill levels (Top of ridge, In between ridges, raised flat and flat normal). Plot size 3 x 3.5m (10.5m2), row to row distance 70 cm, number of rows 4, row length 3 m and plant to plant distance 30 cm were kept. Recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus were applied at the rate of (150 and 70 kg ha-1). Hybrid Sunflower hyson-33 was sown. Results showed that among the different row orientation the (East-West) produced maximum plants (5.34 m-2), leaf area (693.57 cm), plant height (185.40 cm) significantly improved disc diameter (23 cm), achene yield (3891 kg-1), biological yield (13097 kg ha-1), number of achene (5.76 x 107 ha-1), 100 seed weight (7.08 g), increased plant population at harvest (55208 ha-1), produced maximum harvest index (29.68 %), as compared to (East-South, and North-South). Planting hill application on the (Top of ridge) increased number of plant (5.34 m-2), leaf area (693.04 cm), plant height (187.72 cm), 100 seed weight (7.48 g), number of achene (5.78 x 107 ha-1), disc diameter (23 cm), increased plant population at harvest (55952 ha-1), increased achene yield (3879 kg ha-1), Biological yield (12855 kg ha-1), and harvest index (30.15 %), as compared to the rest ( raised flat, in between ridges, and flat normal) . while days to emergence, emergence m-2, days to flowering and days to star formation were not significantly affected row orientation and planting hill placement. It was concluded that row orientation at the direction of (East-West) with Planting hill (Top of ridge) enhanced sunflower growth and seed yield.
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