PJB-2024-159
FLORISTIC COMPOSITION, BIOLOGICAL SPECTRUM AND PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF TEHSIL KARAK, SOUTHEREN PAKISTAN&
SIDDIQ ULLAH
Abstract
A plant's biological spectrum and its chorology reflect an area's overall situation, including climatic conditions, land masses and anthropogenic pressures. The current study evaluated the phytogeographical distribution, biological spectrum, and floristic structure of tehsil Karak in the southern belt of Pakistan. Tehsil Karak's flora comprised 205 plants belonging to 08 monocot families and 45 dicot families. The family that predominant was Poaceae with (33spp) followed by Asteraceae (19spp), papilionaceae (12spp), brassicaceae and Solanaceae each (09spp), lamiaceae (08spp), chenopodiaceae and Cucurbitaceae (07spp) each, amaranthaceae (06spp), boraginaceae, euphorbiaceae and mimosaceae each (05spp) while less than five species were present in the remaining families. The biological spectrum showed that therophytes (100spp) were the leading class, followed by hemicryptophytes (31 spp), microphanerophytes (29 spp), nanophanerophytes (20 spp.), chemophytes (19 spp.) and geophytes were of 3 species. Leaf size classes comprised of Microphyll (70spp) followed by nanophyll (54spp), mesophyll (39spp), leptophyll (37spp), megaphyll (02 spp) while Periploca aphylla, Capparis decidua and Cuscuta reflexa were Aphyllous in the research area. The chronology of the recorded flora showed that cosmopolitan, Irano-Turanian and multi-regional elements constitute 36.6% of the total flora. The present work shows that the area has strong biotic pressure and a dry climate. In addition, it is recommended that a study be conducted to identify the indicative plant species of the area and establish their green zone.
Key words: Floristic composition, life form, leaf size, chorology and climate
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