PJB-2024-87
The study of comparative anatomical features of populations of the plant Cichorium intybus L.
Nurmahanaova Akmaral
Abstract
In the article, a comparative study was carried out to determine changes in the anatomical structure of vegetative ( leaf, stem, root) organs of three populations with identified distribution zones of the medicinal plant Cichorium intybus L. growing in the Aksai, Kaskelen gorges and Tausamaly rural district of the territory of Kazakhstan. From the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of the medicinal plant Cichorium intybus L., which has a wide distribution area, structural features have been identified that prove the ecotypic features inherent in the growth environment. In the lower and upper epidermis of the leaves of plants of the first and second populations of the object of study, the number of stomata of the anomocytic type increased. Glandular trichomes consist of a two-celled limb and a single-celled trichoma with a head, although there are significantly more of them. In the mesophyll of the Leaf, a cluster of milk-accumulating cells was observed. In the first bark of the stem, idioblast cells were detected, in which biologically active substances accumulate, and the level of formation of inulin crystals in the vascular structure increased. The third population of the plant Cichorium intybus L. was found in the rural district of Tausamaly. Significant changes were observed in the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of the object of study. Due to man-made pollution and under the influence of an anthropogenic factor, there was a decrease in the number of stomata in the leaf, a decrease in the number of trichomes and a decrease in milk-accumulating cells. The central cylinder diameter of the stem and the narrowing of the xylem and phloem tube diameters in the conducting tuft were determined. Reduced level of formation of insulin crystals in the vein.
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