PJB-2024-47
YIELD COMPONENT TRAITS AND GENETIC PARAMETERS OF FACULTATIVE WINTER WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) UNDER UNCUT AND CUT CONDITIONS
Aftab Jehan
Abstract
Winter wheat is known for its dual purpose of green forage and grain production and has potential to be cultivated in Northern Areas of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa with great success. This study was conducted at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2021-22. A set of 18 facultative winter wheat lines along with two check cultivars were tested under two cuttings using 2-Factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among winter wheat genotypes and cutting treatments for morphological and yield component traits except harvest index. Genotype × cutting interaction was also significant for spikes m-2, kernels spike-1, biological and grain yield. Green forage production of wheat genotypes ranged from 2667 and 7111 kg ha-1. Maximum spikes m-2 were recorded for genotypes WW-75-20 (755) and WW-9808 (653), spike length for WW-243 and WW-300 (each 12.3 cm) and EWW-4-20 (11.5 cm), kernels spike-1 for WW-67 (58.6) and EWW-4-20 (50.4), biological yield for WW-75-20 (12296 kg ha-1) and EWW-10-20 (9926 kg ha-1) under uncut and cut treatment, respectively and grain yield for WW-75-20 (uncut=4200 kg ha-1, cut=3437 kg ha-1). Green forage cutting before hollow stem formation delayed heading and maturity, while negatively affected most yield components of winter wheat. Most reduction was noticed in spikes m-2 (28.20%) for genotype WW-243, 12.20% in spike length of WW-300, 28.18% in kernels spike-1 of EWW-8-20, 24.44% in 1000-kernel weight of WW-295, 27.81% in biological yield of WW-56, while 33.54% in grain yield of EWW-4-20. Eight genotypes including both checks showed increase in harvest index. Broad sense heritability estimates for all the traits were higher in magnitude (0.72 to 0.98). Heritability, selection differential, expected and observed selection response for majority of the traits were greater under uncut than cut treatment. Grain yield had significantly positive genotypic correlation with 1000-kernel weight and harvest index, while negative genotypic relationship with days to heading, maturity and plant height under both cutting treatments. Winter wheat lines WW-67, EWW-4-20, WW-75-20, WW-9917 and WW-56 have potential of higher green forage as well as grain yield production and therefore need to be further tested for possible release as dual purpose winter wheat cultivars in Northern regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
To Cite this article:
Download
