PJB-2023-555
ENHANCING YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF CANOLA THROUGH SUMMER CROPS GREEN MANNURING MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS AND VARYING NITROGEN LEVELS UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS
Dr. Khalid Ali
Abstract
The Integration of green manuring crops along with inorganic fertilizers in the existing cropping system can help to sustain soil fertility and crop productivity. The main objective of this experiment was to assess the effect of green manuring crops on crop productivity. A two years long (2011 to 2013) field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar-Pakistan to evaluate the best crop specie (guar and millet) for green mannuring. Plant parts i.e. whole plant or stubbles at its optimum age (40,70 and 100 days after sowing, DAS) under varying nitrogen levels for enhancing yield of canola ( Brassica napus L. cv. Bulbul-98) in semi-1arid conditions were used. The data showed that compared to millet, guar as preceding green manuring crop had significantly increased branches plant-1 (12%), graix n yield (15%) and oil yield (14%) of canola. Whole plants green manuring as compared to stubbles had significantly enhanced canola pods plant-1 (6 %), grain yield (6%) and oil yield (5%). Plants that were incorporated at the age of 100 DAS had significantly lower pods plant-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and oil yield than incorporation at early stage. Increasing N level from 0 to 100 kg ha-1 had significantly enhanced yield and yield components of canola. Significant improvement in yield and yield components were recorded in second year of the experiment as compared with first year. The interaction between C x N indicated that branches plant-1 of canola increased with the increase in N levels in millet sown plots up to 75 kg N ha-1 but leveled off at 100 kg N ha-1 while in case of guar no change in number of branches plant-1 was observed with N application. The interaction between GM x AGM revealed a linear decrease of number canola pods plant-1 in case of only stubbles incorporation. The significant interaction between C x GM showed that whole plants incorporation of both the green manuring crops enhanced seed yield and oil yield of canola. The interaction between AGM x C x N indicated a linear increase in both the seed and oil yield of canola with the increase in N levels in both guar and millet sown plots irrespective of their age at green manuring. Green manuring at 40 DAS of both the crop species resulted in maximum canola seed yield and oil yield when combined with 100 kg N ha-1. Our study recommends green manuring preferably with legumes as whole plant up to the age of 40-70 DAS coupled with 100 kg N ha-1for enhancing overall productivity of canola in the agro-ecological zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and areas alike.
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