PJB-2023-534
GENETIC VARIATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BLAST RESISTANCE GENES IN LANDRACE RICE OF THAILAND
Parisatcha Sangsuwan
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae (also known as Pyricularia oryzae) is a fungal pathogen that causes blast disease in rice. While rice can resist M. oryzae via R or Pi genes, one R gene is not enough to provide long-term resistance as M. oryzae has a short lifespan, allowing it to quickly adapt to new environments and resistant rice. This study aimed to screen R gene resources from landraces for a rice breeding program using specific gene primers. Of eight R genes among 17 rice varieties, the Pi54 gene had the highest frequency of 88%, while the Pita gene was only found in Taheng with a frequency of 5.88%. Phylogenetic trees showed the Pi54, Pi9 and Pib genes were the most diverse, with their nucleotide alignment revealing indels and point mutations. Among the rice varieties, KDML105 (cultivated), Tubtimchoompoo (landrace) and Maled-Lek (landrace) each contained five resistance genes and are therefore appropriate germplasm resources for polygenic traits to resist M. oryzae. The results of this study should guide the use of parental lines to develop new rice varieties that are blast resistant.
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