PJB-2023-497
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND DURABLE RUST RESISTANCE IN BREAD WHEAT
Ehsan Hafeez
Abstract
Wheat is a staple food worldwide, affected by several biotic and abiotic stresses resulting in low production. Yellow rust is a lethal foliar disease of wheat, caused by fungus (Puccinia striiformis f.sp tritici ). In present study eight parents were crossed through Line × Tester mating design to generate 16 F1 hybrid combinations. These F1 hybrids along with parents were evaluated at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak-Nowshera during rabi cropping season 2021-22. Highly (p≤0.01) significant differences were observed among all tested wheat genotypes. Moreover, general combining ability effects of parents and specific combining ability effects of F1 hybrids as well as their variances were also estimated. Likewise, Line × tester analysis demonstrated highly (p≤0.01) significant differences among lines, testers and F1 crosses for most of the studied traits. Among lines, Annong-185 while in testers, PR-123 was the best general combiner for majority of the traits studied. The cross combination Annong-876 × PR-123 appeared as the best specific combiner for yield and related traits. Moreover, lines contribution was found more than testers in all attributes except days to maturity, spike length, grain yield plant-1 and harvest index. Variances due to SCA were higher than variances due to GCA for most of the studied traits. Range of broad sense heritability estimates was 0.09-0.98. Estimates of high heritability in broad sense were found for days to heading (0.80), plant height (0.81) and leaf area (0.79), while medium estimates of heritability were calculated for tillers plant-1 (0.36), 1000 grains weight (0.45) and days to maturity (0.55). Lowest heritability estimate (0.09) was found for spikelets spikes-1 and highest estimate of heritability (0.98) was found for biological yield plant-1. Disease reaction on wheat genotypes was calculated from ACI and subsequently the plants response was detected from the RRI values. Maximum RRI value (7.8) was noted in line, Annong-185, while tester, PR-123 was found with maximum RRI value (8.3). Similarly maximum RRI value (8.5) among F1 crosses was found in Annong-876 × PR-123. The identified good performing genotypes, maternal parent, Annong-185, paternal parent, PR-123 and among F1 crosses, Annong-876 × PR-123 and Annong-876 × PR-129 were the best genotypes and are recommended to be included in future breeding program.
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