PJB-2023-473
HAZARD EFFECTS OF CHROMIUM IN VEGETABLE THROUGH THE EXCESSIVE APPLICATION OF ORGANIC MANURE AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS WITH DIFFERENT SOURCE OF WATER
MEHWISH AMJAD
Abstract
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Food security is a significant focus for quantitative and qualitative global development. Chromium is essential to life but also toxic in specific frequencies and concentrations (including humans). While its existence in wastewater and fertilizers can benefit land when used in low quantities, it can also pose a prolonged risk to plants, water resources, animals, and humans. As a result, experiment was conducted to examine the potential effects of Cr in wastewater and soil treated with fertilizers, particularly regarding Cr ability to move from polluted soil into vegetables. Cr concentration was highest in treatment (T8), with the combined use of poultry manure + wastewater with the higher pollution load index (2.24). D.carota had the most increased uptake of Cr (4.09) at T8 during the second growing year out of six regularly used vegetables with 12 treatments. Long-term applications of wastewater and fertilizers increase the Cr concentrations in the soil, vegetables, and the people who eat them. It means that, despite wastewater and fertilizers having many advantages, whole forms need to follow strict heavy metal and metalloid examination (wastewater, fertilizers, soil and vegetables). Clear laws and regulatory control are required to reduce agricultural soil pollution from wastewater and fertilizer application.
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