PJB-2023-301
Comparison of Biological Characteristics and SSR Genetic Polymorphism of 20 Sorghum Varieties
Yuan LIANG
Abstract
To investigate the forage value of currently promoted sorghum varieties and to selective for high-yielding and high-quality sorghum varieties suitable for local cultivation. This study compared the yield and forage quality traits of 20 promoted sorghum varieties from different regions of China and analyzed the diversity of SSR (simple sequence repeat) molecular markers. The results are as follows: nine yield traits (plant height, dry weight, TGW (thousand-grain weight), stem thickness, spike grain number, spike grain weight, spike length, spike weight, and fresh weight) differed significantly among the varieties; five forage quality traits (neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude protein (CP), and sugar content) also differed significantly among the varieties. In terms of simple correlation coefficients and partial correlation coefficients, spike weight was highly significant and positively correlated with stem thickness, TGW, spike grain number, spike grain weight, and whole plant fresh weight; Only NDF was significantly positively correlated with ADF in feed quality. Based on the clustering analysis of biological traits, all varieties could be divided into three main groups. Screening obtained 45 pairs of SSR primers with clear bands and rich polymorphism. The variation of each pair ranged from 1 to 6, with an average of 3.6667; the PIC (polymorphic information content) ranged from 0 to 0.829. Based on clustering analysis, all varieties clustered into three groups, and the results were similar to the clustering results of biological traits. Of the 20 varieties compared, the study found the most suitable sorghum variety for local cultivation and promotion was No. 1 (Jin Nuo 3).
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