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Pak. J. Bot., 47(1): 327-340, 2015. |
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Updated: 24-02-15 | ||||
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ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI MITIGATES NaCl INDUCED ADVERSE EFFECTS ON SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.
Hashem Abeer*¥1; Abd_Allah EF2, Alqarawi A.A.2, Alwhibi Mona, S.1, Alenazi M.M.2, Dilfuza Egamberdieva3,4, and Ahmad P.5
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of AMF on the growth and physio-biochemical attributes, antioxidant enzyme activities, plant growth regulators and inorganic nutrients in tomato grown under salt stress condition. Tomato plants were exposed to different concentrations of NaCl alone (0, 50 and 150 mM) and in combination with AMF (0mM+AMF, 50mM+AMF and 150mM+AMF). Spore population and colonization, growth and biomass yield, pigments, membrane stability index and malondialdehyde were negatively affected. Exposure of plants to combination of NaCl and AMF showed positive impact on the above parameters. Proline and antioxidant enzyme activity increased with increasing concentration of NaCl and further increase was observed in plants treated with NaCl in combination with AMF. Acid and alkaline phosphatase, hydrolytic enzymes and pectinase are also affected with increasing concentration of salt. However plants treated with NaCl in combination with AMF balances the above enzymatic activity. Salt stress decreases the auxin concentration in plants but application of AMF has been shown to restore the auxin content. ABA increases with salt concentration but less accumulation of ABA have been found in plants treated with AMF. Regarding the nutrient uptake, Na+ and Na;K ratio increased and P, K, Mg and Ca decreases with increasing concentration of NaCl. Enhanced accumulation of P, K, Mg, Ca and K:N ratio and less uptake of Na+ was observed in presence of AMF. The results confirm that NaCl imposes threat to the survival of tomato plants and application of AMF mitigates the negative effect to an appreciable level.
Key words: NaCl; AMF; Pigments; Proline; Antioxidants; Lipid peroxidation; Phosphatases; Hydrolytic enzymes; Growth regulators; Ion uptake.
1Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, 2Plant Production Department, College of F, 3National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan, 4Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany, 5Department of Botany, S. P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India 190001, *Corresponding author: habeer@ksu.edu.sa ¥: Permanent Address: Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. |
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