Pak. J. Bot., 47(1): 103-107, 2015.

KARYOTYPES AND FISH DETECTION OF 5S AND 45S RDNA LOCI IN CHINESE MEDICINAL PLANT ATRACTYLODES LANCEA SUBSP. LUOTIANENSIS: CYTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE NEW TAXONOMIC UNIT

YUAN-SHENG DUAN1, 2, BIN ZHU 1, SHAO-HUA SHU, ZAI-YUN LI1 AND MO WANG1*

Abstract: Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. in the Asteraceae family produces the atractylodes rhizome which is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. The subspecies A. lancea (Thunb.) DC subsp. Luotianensis distributed in mountainous Luotian and Yingshan regions in Hubei Province presented distinct morphology and superior medicinal quality. This study firstly reported the chromosome karyotype of this subspecies and the detection of 5S and 45S rDNA loci by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The karyotype was 2n=24=12m+12sm (2SAT). A single locus of 5S rDNA and two loci of 45S rDNA loci were identified and separated on different chromosomes. Its one pair of the satellited chromosomes rather than two pairs in other Atractylodes species yet still with 2n=24 occurred likely after its occupation of this geographic location. The evidence of karyotype differentiation of this subspecies native to the area is useful for elucidating the genome structure and identifying chromosomes.

1Institute of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China

2College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Polytechnic University, Huanggang 438002, Hubei Province, P.R. China

*Corresponding author e-mail: wangmo@mail.hzau.edu.cn; Tel.: +86 27 87280543